Incision and Drainage for Chalazion

Incision and drainage is a minor surgical procedure to remove a chalazion-a firm lump in the eyelid caused by a blocked oil gland. This procedure provides rapid relief when conservative treatments have not resolved the chalazion.

Understanding Chalazion

A chalazion develops when a meibomian gland in the eyelid becomes blocked. Unlike a stye (which is an acute infection), a chalazion is typically:

• A painless or mildly tender lump

• Firm and round

• Located within the eyelid rather than at the lid margin

• Slow to develop over weeks

While many chalazia eventually resolve on their own, some persist and require surgical drainage. Persistent chalazia can cause:

• Cosmetic concern from visible swelling

• Blurred vision if large enough to press on the eye

• Discomfort or heaviness in the eyelid

• Interference with contact lens wear

When Surgery Is Recommended

Incision and drainage may be advised when:

• The chalazion has not responded to conservative treatment (warm compresses, lid hygiene) for 4-6 weeks

• The lump is large enough to affect vision or cause significant symptoms

• There is concern about the diagnosis requiring tissue examination

• A chalazion recurs repeatedly in the same location (biopsy may be indicated)

The American Academy of Ophthalmology provides detailed information about chalazion and treatment options.

The Procedure

Incision and drainage is a brief office procedure:

• Local anaesthetic is injected to numb the eyelid

• A small clamp holds the eyelid in position

• An incision is made on the inner surface of the eyelid (avoiding visible scarring)

• The contents of the chalazion are drained and the lining is removed

• The procedure takes approximately 10-15 minutes

• Sutures are rarely needed for the internal incision

For chalazia pointing outward through the skin, an external approach may occasionally be used.

What Results Can Be Expected

Surgical drainage typically provides:

• Immediate reduction in the size of the lump

• Complete resolution in most cases

• Relief of any pressure-related symptoms

Success rates are high, with complete resolution in 80-95% of cases after a single procedure.

Recurrence occurs in 5-20% of cases, particularly if underlying blepharitis or meibomian gland dysfunction is not addressed.

Potential Risks

Incision and drainage is generally safe:

• Bruising and swelling are common and resolve over 1-2 weeks

• Mild discomfort after the anaesthetic wears off

• Recurrence is possible if the lining is not completely removed

• Infection is uncommon when proper technique is used

• Scarring is rare with internal incisions; possible with external approach

• Eyelid notching is uncommon

• Bleeding is usually minor

Preventing future chalazia: Daily lid hygiene with warm compresses and gentle cleaning can help prevent recurrence by keeping the meibomian glands clear.

Medical Disclaimer: This information provides general guidance about incision and drainage for chalazion and should not replace professional medical advice. If a chalazion recurs repeatedly in the same location, further investigation may be needed to exclude other conditions. Please consult with our ophthalmologists for assessment and treatment recommendations.